Clear Quartz
Quartz
Silicon dioxide (SiO₂). Clear Quartz is a colourless to nearly colourless crystalline variety of quartz.
Colourless to clear; may appear milky or slightly cloudy.
Trigonal
In crystal-healing and metaphysical traditions, Clear Quartz is associated with clarity, amplification of intention, purification, focus, spiritual awareness and the enhancement of other crystals.
Peridot
Olivine Group / Nesosilicate
Magnesium–iron silicate in the olivine solid-solution series, commonly represented as (Mg,Fe)₂SiO₄. Gem-quality Peridot is generally magnesium-rich olivine, with iron in its structure contributing to the characteristic yellow-green to green colour.
Yellowish green, greenish yellow, olive green to vivid green; brownish tones may occur as iron content and other compositional factors vary
Orthorhombic
In modern crystal-healing traditions, Peridot is associated with optimism, renewal, abundance, confidence, emotional release and personal growth.
Lapis Lazuli
Lazurite-Dominant Rock
A metamorphic rock composed primarily of lazurite, with varying amounts of calcite, pyrite, sodalite and other minerals. Its characteristic deep blue colour is mainly associated with lazurite, while golden flecks are typically pyrite.
Deep royal blue to ultramarine blue, often with white calcite veining and distinctive golden-yellow pyrite inclusions.
Aggregate / Mixed Mineral Composition
In modern crystal traditions, Lapis Lazuli is associated with wisdom, truth, intuition, self-awareness, mental clarity and authentic communication. It is commonly used symbolically for reflection, meditation, learning and confident self-expression.
Turquoise
Turquoise Group / Phosphate Mineral
Hydrated copper aluminium phosphate, commonly represented as CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈·4H₂O. Natural composition may vary through substitutions and associated minerals; copper contributes importantly to blue coloration, while iron and other compositional factors can influence greener tones.
Sky blue, robin's-egg blue, blue-green, greenish blue to green; may contain brown, black, grey or other host-rock matrix and veining
Triclinic
In contemporary crystal-healing and metaphysical traditions, Turquoise is associated with communication, protection, wisdom, serenity, truth, self-expression and spiritual awareness.
Amethyst
Quartz
Silicon dioxide (SiO₂), a purple variety of quartz; its colour is associated primarily with trace iron and natural irradiation within the crystal structure.
Pale lilac and lavender to deep violet and purple; may show reddish or bluish-purple tones and colour zoning.
Trigonal
In crystal-healing and metaphysical traditions, Amethyst is associated with spiritual awareness, intuition, mental clarity, protection, purification, tranquillity and meditation.
Garnet
Garnet Group / Nesosilicates
Garnet is a group of closely related silicate minerals with the general formula X₃Y₂(SiO₄)₃. Major gem species include almandine, pyrope, spessartine, grossular and andradite, with solid-solution compositions common between members.
Commonly red to deep red or reddish-brown, but Garnet also occurs naturally in orange, yellow, green, pink, purple, brown, black and, rarely, colour-changing varieties depending on species and composition.
Cubic (isometric)
In crystal-healing and metaphysical traditions, Garnet is associated with passion, strength, vitality, grounding, courage, confidence, motivation and protection. Specific associations can vary among Garnet species and colours.
Moonstone
Feldspar Group
Feldspar material commonly involving potassium-rich orthoclase and sodium-rich albite components, broadly represented within the KAlSi₃O₈–NaAlSi₃O₈ system. Fine-scale structural intergrowths or exsolution lamellae produce its characteristic adularescence. Exact composition varies among Moonstone materials.
Bodycolour may be colourless, white, cream, grey, peach, orange, yellow, brown, green or nearly black, commonly with a floating white, silver or blue adularescent sheen
Commonly monoclinic to triclinic depending on the dominant feldspar phase and structural state; Moonstone may contain intergrown feldspar phases rather than one uniform crystal structure
In modern crystal-healing traditions, Moonstone is associated with intuition, emotional balance, receptivity, new beginnings, inner reflection and alignment with natural cycles.
Aquamarine
Beryl
Beryllium aluminium silicate, Be₃Al₂Si₆O₁₈. Aquamarine is the blue to blue-green gem variety of beryl, with its colour principally associated with iron within the crystal structure.
Pale blue, greenish-blue and blue to deeper blue; colour saturation varies considerably between specimens.
Hexagonal
In crystal-healing and metaphysical traditions, Aquamarine is associated with calmness, clear communication, courage, emotional balance, truth and peaceful self-expression.
Green Aventurine
Quartz
Primarily silicon dioxide (SiO₂). Green Aventurine is a variety of quartz whose green colour and aventurescent appearance are commonly associated with fine inclusions of chromium-bearing mica, particularly fuchsite.
Pale to medium or deep green; colour may be relatively even, mottled or locally variable depending on inclusions.
Trigonal (quartz)
In crystal-healing and metaphysical traditions, Green Aventurine is associated with luck, prosperity, opportunity, growth, optimism and emotional balance.
Citrine
Quartz
Silicon dioxide (SiO₂), a yellow to orange-brown variety of crystalline quartz. Its colour is associated primarily with iron-related colour centres within the quartz structure.
Pale yellow to golden yellow, honey, orange-yellow or brownish-orange; natural colour intensity varies considerably.
Trigonal
In crystal-healing and metaphysical traditions, Citrine is associated with abundance, prosperity, confidence, motivation, creativity, optimism and manifestation.
Rose Quartz
Quartz Group / Macrocrystalline Quartz
Primarily silicon dioxide, SiO₂. Rose Quartz is a pink variety of quartz whose colour in common massive material is associated with microscopic inclusions and structural/color-centre effects; trace elements may also be involved depending on the material.
Very pale pink, blush pink, rose pink to deeper pink; colour may be even, cloudy, zoned or locally concentrated
Trigonal
In contemporary crystal-healing and metaphysical traditions, Rose Quartz is associated with love, compassion, emotional openness, harmony, forgiveness, self-acceptance and gentle emotional support.
Serpentine
Serpentine Subgroup / Kaolinite–Serpentine Group
Serpentine is a subgroup of hydrous magnesium-rich phyllosilicate minerals with compositions broadly represented by (Mg,Fe,Ni,Mn,Al,Zn)₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄. Common Mg-dominant members include antigorite, lizardite and chrysotile. Exact composition varies according to the constituent serpentine mineral or mineral mixture.
Commonly pale green, yellow-green, olive green, dark green to nearly black-green; may also show cream, yellowish, brownish, grey, white or mottled areas
Variable according to the constituent serpentine species and polytype; commercial massive Serpentine should not be assigned one universal crystal system without mineral identification
In contemporary crystal-healing and metaphysical traditions, Serpentine is associated with grounding, renewal, meditation, emotional balance, personal transformation and connection with nature.
Lepidolite
Mica Group / Lithium-Bearing Mica
Lithium-bearing potassium mica with a variable complex composition containing potassium, lithium, aluminium, silicon, oxygen and hydroxyl/fluorine components. Lepidolite belongs to the mica group, and its precise chemistry varies because lithium-bearing mica compositions form solid-solution relationships.
Commonly lilac, lavender, pink, rose, violet to purple; may also occur in greyish, whitish or colourless tones. Colour intensity and distribution can vary naturally.
Monoclinic; polytypism and structural variation occur within lithium-bearing mica materials
In modern crystal-healing and metaphysical traditions, Lepidolite is associated with calmness, emotional balance, transition, reflection, inner peace and spiritual awareness.
Unakite
Epidote–Feldspar–Quartz Rock Association
A multi-mineral rock composed principally of green epidote, pink to salmon feldspar and quartz, with proportions varying between specimens. It should not be represented as having a single fixed chemical formula because Unakite is a rock rather than one mineral species.
Characteristically mottled green with pink, salmon, peach or reddish-pink areas and variable colourless, white, grey or translucent quartz
Not applicable as a single crystal system because Unakite is a polymineralic rock; its constituent minerals have their own crystal systems
In contemporary crystal-healing and metaphysical traditions, Unakite is associated with emotional balance, grounding, patience, personal growth, harmony, renewal and the integration of emotional and practical perspectives.
Golden Pyrite
Sulfide mineral
Iron disulfide (FeS₂). Pyrite is an iron sulfide mineral whose metallic brass-yellow to golden appearance gives rise to its well-known resemblance to gold.
Pale brass-yellow to rich metallic golden-yellow, sometimes developing darker, bronze, brown or iridescent surface tarnish through natural alteration.
Cubic (isometric)
In crystal-healing and metaphysical traditions, Pyrite is associated with abundance, prosperity, confidence, protection, motivation, willpower and manifestation.
Mookaite
Silica-Rich Radiolarite / Porcellanite
Silica-rich silicified radiolarite/porcellanite composed principally of opaline-to-chalcedonic silica, with variable iron oxides and other minor constituents responsible for much of its red, yellow, brown and purple coloration. It is a rock containing multiple components rather than a single mineral species with one fixed chemical formula.
Commonly red, burgundy, purple-red, mustard yellow, golden yellow, brown, cream, white, grey or mauve, frequently occurring in multicoloured patches, bands, swirls and irregular patterns
Not applicable as a single crystal system because Mookaite is a heterogeneous rock; its silica constituents may be amorphous, microcrystalline or cryptocrystalline
In modern crystal-healing traditions, Mookaite is associated with grounding, vitality, courage, adaptability, confidence, decision-making and openness to change.
Rhodonite
Pyroxenoid Group / Manganese Silicate
Manganese silicate, commonly represented as MnSiO₃, with variable substitution by calcium, iron, magnesium and other elements. Massive ornamental material may also contain manganese oxides and associated minerals, producing characteristic dark veining or patches.
Pink, rose pink, reddish pink to rose-red; commonly accompanied by black, dark brown or grey manganese-oxide veins, patches or matrix
Triclinic
In contemporary crystal-healing and metaphysical traditions, Rhodonite is associated with compassion, emotional balance, forgiveness, grounding, confidence and reconciliation.
Strawberry Quartz
Quartz Group / Macrocrystalline Quartz
Primarily silicon dioxide, SiO₂, as macrocrystalline quartz containing visible pink, red or reddish mineral inclusions. Hematite is commonly associated with material marketed as Strawberry Quartz; other reported inclusions may include iron-bearing minerals or mica-group minerals. Inclusion identity should not be assumed without gemmological testing.
Colourless, pale pink, strawberry pink, reddish pink to red-toned, produced visually by the colour, concentration and distribution of inclusions within the quartz
Trigonal
In contemporary crystal and metaphysical traditions, Strawberry Quartz is associated with love, emotional warmth, gratitude, joy, optimism, compassion and positive relationships.
Red Jasper
Jasper / Microcrystalline Quartz–Chalcedony Family
Predominantly microcrystalline to cryptocrystalline silica, SiO₂, commonly described within the jasper/chalcedony family and containing variable iron-oxide, iron-hydroxide and other mineral inclusions. Hematite is a common contributor to the red coloration. Exact composition varies between deposits and specimens.
Brick red, rust red, brownish red, orange-red to deep red; may contain cream, grey, black, brown, yellow or white patches, bands, veins or inclusions
Trigonal at the constituent quartz level; massive jasper is a fine-grained aggregate and does not ordinarily display a single external crystal form
In contemporary crystal-healing and metaphysical traditions, Red Jasper is associated with grounding, stability, courage, endurance, protection, motivation and practical action.
Mahogany Obsidian
Obsidian / Natural Volcanic Glass
Silica-rich natural volcanic glass with variable composition, commonly containing silicon, oxygen, aluminium, sodium, potassium, iron and other elements. Its reddish-brown to mahogany coloration is generally associated with iron-bearing phases or oxidation within the glass.
Commonly black to dark brown with reddish-brown, rust-red or mahogany-coloured patches, bands, spots or irregular patterns
Amorphous — no crystalline lattice or conventional crystal system
In modern crystal-healing and metaphysical traditions, Mahogany Obsidian is associated with grounding, protection, strength, stability, resilience and personal transformation.
Dalmatian Jasper
Silica-rich polymineralic rock
Dalmatian Jasper is a commercial ornamental-stone name for a light-coloured, silica-rich rock characterized by contrasting dark spots. Despite its trade name, it is not a true jasper in the strict mineralogical sense. Its composition can include feldspar and quartz with dark mineral inclusions.
Typically cream, beige, pale grey or off-white with distinctive black to dark brown spots and irregular markings; natural colour and pattern vary between specimens.
Not applicable as a single crystal system; Dalmatian Jasper is a polymineralic rock whose constituent minerals possess their own crystal structures.
In crystal-healing and metaphysical traditions, Dalmatian Jasper is associated with joy, grounding, protection, playfulness, loyalty, positivity and reconnecting with a lighter outlook.
Leopard Skin Jasper
Jasper-associated / Silica-Rich Volcanic Lapidary Material
Predominantly silica (SiO₂)-rich material, commonly described in the lapidary trade as a patterned jasper or rhyolitic material. Its exact mineral composition can vary and may include quartz/chalcedony, feldspar and other mineral constituents.
Commonly cream, beige, tan, brown, reddish-brown, grey, pinkish, yellowish or greenish tones with distinctive spots, orbicular markings or irregular contrasting patterns reminiscent of animal skin
Not appropriately assigned a single crystal system when the material is a heterogeneous rock or aggregate; individual constituent minerals have their own crystal structures
In modern crystal-healing and metaphysical traditions, Leopard Skin Jasper is associated with grounding, protection, stability, strength, connection with nature and personal growth.
Yellow Calcite
Calcite Group / Carbonate Mineral
Primarily calcium carbonate, CaCO₃, as the mineral calcite. Yellow coloration may result from trace elements, iron-bearing impurities, mineral inclusions, structural defects or combinations of these factors. Exact colour-causing constituents vary between specimens and should not be assumed without analytical evidence.
Pale lemon yellow, creamy yellow, honey yellow, golden yellow to yellow-brown; colour intensity and distribution may be even, cloudy, zoned or mottled
Trigonal
In contemporary crystal-healing and metaphysical traditions, Yellow Calcite is associated with optimism, confidence, motivation, mental clarity, personal energy, hope and positive intention.
Malachite
Carbonate Mineral
Copper carbonate hydroxide, Cu₂CO₃(OH)₂. Malachite is a secondary copper mineral whose characteristic green colour results from copper in its mineral structure.
Characteristically green, ranging from pale and bright green to deep forest green and nearly black-green, frequently displaying contrasting bands, concentric patterns, swirls or other natural zoning
Monoclinic
In modern crystal-healing and metaphysical traditions, Malachite is associated with transformation, protection, emotional growth, courage, positive change and heart-centred awareness.
Rhodochrosite
Carbonate Mineral / Calcite Group
Manganese carbonate, MnCO₃. Natural Rhodochrosite commonly contains variable substitution by iron, calcium, magnesium and other elements, which can influence colour and physical properties.
Rose pink, raspberry pink, reddish pink to red; massive material commonly shows cream, white, pale pink, greyish or brownish bands and zoning
Trigonal
In contemporary crystal-healing and metaphysical traditions, Rhodochrosite is associated with compassion, self-love, emotional openness, joy, forgiveness, confidence and personal growth.
Calcite
Carbonate mineral
Calcium carbonate (CaCO₃). Calcite is one of the most widespread carbonate minerals and is the principal mineral component of many limestones and marbles. Trace elements and inclusions can produce numerous colours.
Commonly colourless or white, but also occurs in yellow, orange, honey, green, blue, pink, red, brown, grey and black depending on impurities, inclusions and structural features.
Trigonal
In crystal-healing and metaphysical traditions, Calcite is associated with cleansing, clarity, positivity, motivation, emotional balance and amplifying intention. Specific associations vary substantially by Calcite colour.
Howlite
Borate / Borosilicate Mineral
Hydrated calcium borosilicate hydroxide, commonly represented as Ca₂B₅SiO₉(OH)₅. Howlite is naturally a relatively soft, porous mineral and is well known for its white to grey appearance with contrasting veining.
Naturally white, creamy white to pale grey, commonly displaying grey, dark grey, brownish or black veining. Bright blue, turquoise, green and other strongly coloured Howlite in the commercial market is commonly dyed.
Monoclinic
In crystal-healing and metaphysical traditions, Howlite is associated with calmness, patience, awareness, emotional balance, peaceful communication and relaxation.
Selenite
Sulfate Mineral / Gypsum
Hydrated calcium sulfate, CaSO₄·2H₂O. Selenite is a crystalline variety of gypsum. Commercial material sold as Selenite may include fibrous satin spar gypsum, so habit and trade identity should be distinguished where relevant.
Commonly colourless, white, silvery white or translucent milky white; may also show pale grey, beige, honey, peach or other tones due to inclusions and impurities
Monoclinic
In contemporary crystal-healing and metaphysical traditions, Selenite is associated with clarity, purification, peacefulness, spiritual awareness, meditation and symbolic energetic cleansing.
Snowflake Obsidian
Natural Volcanic Glass / Obsidian
Silica-rich natural volcanic glass of variable rhyolitic composition, consisting predominantly of amorphous silicate glass with white-to-grey spherulitic crystalline aggregates commonly dominated by cristobalite. Exact bulk chemistry varies with the source volcanic material.
Predominantly black to very dark grey with contrasting white, pale grey or greyish radial snowflake-like spots and clusters; pattern density and size vary naturally
Amorphous for the volcanic-glass matrix; the pale snowflake-like spherulites contain crystalline mineral phases and therefore should not be interpreted as making the entire material crystalline
In contemporary crystal-healing and metaphysical traditions, Snowflake Obsidian is associated with grounding, balance, protection, self-reflection, resilience and recognizing patterns or habits.
Opalite
Manufactured Glass
Manufactured opalescent glass, commonly based on a silica-rich glass formulation with variable fluxes, modifiers, colorants and opacifying agents. Its precise chemistry depends on the manufacturer and should not be assumed without technical documentation or laboratory testing.
Commonly milky white to translucent blue-white under reflected light, often showing warm yellow, orange or pink tones in transmitted light; other manufactured colours may also occur
Amorphous — manufactured glass has no long-range crystalline lattice or conventional crystal system
In contemporary crystal and spiritual traditions, Opalite is associated with calmness, communication, emotional transition, hope and gentle self-expression.
Lava Stone
Volcanic / Igneous Rock
Variable volcanic rock composition, commonly basaltic and composed primarily of silicate minerals such as plagioclase feldspar and pyroxene, with possible olivine, iron-titanium oxides and other minor constituents. It is a rock composed of multiple minerals rather than a single mineral species.
Commonly black, charcoal-grey, dark grey, brownish-black to reddish-brown; colour varies with composition, oxidation and weathering
Not applicable as a single crystal system because Lava Stone is a polymineralic volcanic rock rather than one mineral crystal
In modern crystal-healing and metaphysical traditions, Lava Stone is associated with grounding, stability, strength, courage, resilience and transformation.
Tree Agate
Quartz Group / Chalcedony
Predominantly silicon dioxide, SiO₂, as microcrystalline to cryptocrystalline chalcedony containing green dendritic, branching or moss-like mineral inclusions. Green coloration may be associated with minerals such as chlorite, celadonite or other iron- and magnesium-bearing phases; exact inclusion identity varies and should not be assumed without mineralogical analysis.
Commonly white, cream, pale grey or translucent chalcedony with green, dark green, olive or occasionally brownish branching, dendritic or moss-like patterns
Trigonal at the constituent quartz-crystallite level; Tree Agate is a microcrystalline aggregate rather than a single macroscopic crystal
In contemporary crystal-healing and metaphysical traditions, Tree Agate is associated with grounding, growth, abundance, stability, patience, connection with nature and gradual personal development.
Ametrine
Quartz
Silicon dioxide (SiO₂). Ametrine is a naturally occurring bicoloured variety of crystalline quartz displaying both violet Amethyst and yellow-to-orange Citrine colour zones. Its colours are associated primarily with different oxidation states and structural environments of trace iron within the quartz.
Distinct zones of violet to purple and yellow, golden-yellow or orange-yellow within the same quartz crystal; colour intensity, distribution and boundary patterns vary naturally.
Trigonal
In crystal-healing and metaphysical traditions, Ametrine is associated with clarity, creativity, confidence, balance, motivation and integrating qualities traditionally attributed to Amethyst and Citrine.
Azurite
Carbonate mineral
Copper carbonate hydroxide, Cu₃(CO₃)₂(OH)₂. Azurite is a secondary copper mineral whose characteristic deep blue colour results from copper within its crystal structure.
Azure blue, deep blue to dark blue; may occur with lighter blue areas and green Malachite where alteration or intergrowth has occurred.
Monoclinic
In crystal-healing and metaphysical traditions, Azurite is associated with intuition, insight, mental clarity, self-awareness, spiritual reflection and expanded perception.
Agate
Quartz / Chalcedony
Predominantly silicon dioxide (SiO₂), consisting mainly of microcrystalline to cryptocrystalline quartz/chalcedony. Agate commonly contains minor mineral impurities and inclusions that contribute to its colours and patterns.
Highly variable; commonly white, grey, brown, red, orange, yellow, blue, green or black, frequently occurring in bands, layers, zones or contrasting patterns.
Trigonal at the constituent quartz level; Agate itself occurs as microcrystalline aggregates rather than individual macroscopic crystals
In crystal-healing and metaphysical traditions, Agate is commonly associated with grounding, stability, balance, protection, confidence and harmonizing emotional energy. Specific associations can differ significantly among Agate varieties and colours.
Sodalite
Sodalite Group / Feldspathoid
Sodium aluminium silicate chloride, commonly represented as Na₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)Cl₂. Natural Sodalite may show compositional variation and commercial ornamental material can contain associated minerals such as calcite, feldspathoids and other constituents.
Commonly royal blue, medium blue, deep blue to blue-violet; may also occur colourless, white, grey, greenish, yellowish or pinkish. Commercial blue material commonly displays white, cream, grey or darker mottling and veins.
Cubic
In contemporary crystal-healing and metaphysical traditions, Sodalite is associated with communication, truth, rational thought, intuition, self-expression, clarity and emotional balance.
White Apophyllite
Apophyllite Group / Phyllosilicate
Hydrated potassium-calcium silicate material belonging to the apophyllite group, commonly represented in colourless-to-white specimens by fluorapophyllite-(K), approximately KCa₄Si₈O₂₀(F,OH)·8H₂O. Fluorine/hydroxyl proportions and cation chemistry vary among apophyllite-group species, so exact species and formula should not be assigned to an individual product without reliable identification.
Colourless, transparent, icy white, milky white to pale grey-white; associated matrix minerals may introduce cream, grey, green or other localized colours
Commonly tetragonal for fluorapophyllite-(K) and hydroxyapophyllite-(K); exact crystallography depends on the identified apophyllite-group species
In contemporary crystal-healing and metaphysical traditions, White Apophyllite is associated with clarity, spiritual awareness, meditation, intuition, reflection, calmness and a sense of energetic purification.
Black Tourmaline
Tourmaline
Complex borosilicate mineral. Black Tourmaline sold in the gem and crystal trade is commonly schorl, an iron-rich member of the tourmaline group.
Black to very dark brownish-black; commonly opaque in ordinary specimens.
Trigonal
In crystal-healing and metaphysical traditions, Black Tourmaline is associated with protection, grounding, energetic boundaries, stability and the symbolic absorption or deflection of negativity.
Smoky Quartz
Quartz Group / Macrocrystalline Quartz
Primarily silicon dioxide, SiO₂. Smoky Quartz is a colour variety of crystalline quartz. Its smoky colour is associated principally with irradiation-induced colour centres involving aluminium-related defects within the quartz structure; trace impurities and structural conditions influence colour development.
Pale smoky grey, grey-brown, brown, deep smoky brown to nearly black; colour intensity and distribution may vary within a crystal
Trigonal
In contemporary crystal-healing and metaphysical traditions, Smoky Quartz is associated with grounding, protection, stability, focus, resilience and symbolic release of unwanted or negative energy.
Shungite
Carbon-Rich Mineraloid / Carbonaceous Rock Material
Naturally occurring carbon-rich mineraloid/rock material composed of non-crystalline to poorly crystalline carbon together with variable silicate, oxide, sulfide and other mineral constituents. Carbon content varies substantially among Shungite materials, so no single chemical formula accurately represents all specimens.
Commonly black, charcoal black, dark grey to silvery black; appearance varies with carbon content, associated minerals, surface condition and polish
Not applicable as a single crystal system — Shungite is a heterogeneous carbon-rich material rather than one crystalline mineral species
In contemporary crystal-healing and metaphysical traditions, Shungite is associated with grounding, protection, purification, stability and energetic balance. These are traditional or symbolic beliefs and are not scientifically established health or electromagnetic-protection effects.
Sulemani Hakik
Quartz Group / Chalcedony–Agate
Predominantly silicon dioxide, SiO₂, as microcrystalline to cryptocrystalline chalcedony, commonly occurring as banded agate. Dark, grey, brown, black and white zones may reflect differences in microscopic structure, mineral inclusions, iron-bearing compounds, organic material or other impurities. Exact composition varies between specimens.
Commonly black, charcoal, dark brown, grey and white in contrasting bands or zones; cream, reddish-brown and other natural tones may also occur
Trigonal at the constituent quartz-crystallite level; agate is a microcrystalline aggregate rather than a single macroscopic crystal
In contemporary metaphysical and traditional spiritual practices, Sulemani Hakik is associated with grounding, protection, stability, courage, focus and warding against negative influences.
Amazonite
Feldspar / Microcline
Potassium aluminium silicate, KAlSi₃O₈. Amazonite is a blue-green to green variety of microcline feldspar. Its colour is associated with structural and trace-element effects involving lead and water-related components within the feldspar.
Pale green and turquoise-green to blue-green, sometimes displaying white, cream or pale streaks, mottling and feldspar-related patterning.
Triclinic
In crystal-healing and metaphysical traditions, Amazonite is associated with communication, truth, harmony, confidence, emotional balance and authentic self-expression.
Chrysocolla
Copper Silicate / Secondary Copper Mineral
Hydrated copper-bearing silicate material with variable composition, commonly represented approximately as (Cu,Al)₂H₂Si₂O₅(OH)₄·nH₂O. Natural Chrysocolla can be compositionally complex and may occur intermixed with silica and other secondary copper minerals.
Blue, blue-green, turquoise, green to deep green, frequently occurring with brown, black, white or other colours from matrix and associated copper minerals.
Commonly described as amorphous to poorly crystalline; natural material may show variable structural character
In crystal-healing and metaphysical traditions, Chrysocolla is associated with calm communication, peaceful self-expression, emotional balance, compassion, harmony and inner awareness.
Green Jade
Jade / Jadeite–Nephrite Gem Materials
“Jade” is a gemological umbrella term principally encompassing jadeite and nephrite. Jadeite is a sodium-aluminium pyroxene, ideally NaAlSi₂O₆; nephrite is a tough, fibrous amphibole material in the tremolite–actinolite series. Therefore, a Green Jade product's exact mineral composition depends on whether the material is jadeite or nephrite.
Pale green, yellowish-green, grey-green, apple green to rich deep green; colour distribution may be even, mottled, veined, spotted or zoned depending on material and mineral constituents.
Jadeite: Monoclinic; Nephrite: constituent amphibole minerals are Monoclinic. Green Jade as a commercial gem-material category should not be assigned a single crystal structure without material identification.
In modern crystal-healing and metaphysical traditions, Green Jade is associated with prosperity, harmony, good fortune, peace, emotional balance and positive intention.
Hematite
Oxide mineral
Iron(III) oxide (Fe₂O₃). Hematite is one of the principal iron oxide minerals and an important natural ore of iron.
Steel-grey, silver-grey, black to reddish-brown; earthy varieties may appear red or brown. Polished material commonly displays a dark metallic grey appearance.
Trigonal
In crystal-healing and metaphysical traditions, Hematite is associated with grounding, protection, focus, stability, confidence, strength and mental clarity.
Bloodstone
Quartz / Chalcedony
Predominantly silicon dioxide (SiO₂). Bloodstone is traditionally classified as an opaque to translucent variety of chalcedony, commonly dark green with contrasting red to reddish-brown spots or markings caused principally by iron-bearing minerals such as hematite.
Typically dark green to greenish-grey with red, reddish-brown or rust-coloured spots, flecks or markings; yellow, brown or lighter areas may also occur.
Trigonal at the constituent quartz level; Bloodstone occurs as a microcrystalline aggregate
In crystal-healing and metaphysical traditions, Bloodstone is associated with courage, vitality, grounding, resilience, protection, determination and inner strength.
Red Carnelian
Quartz Group / Chalcedony
Primarily silicon dioxide, SiO₂, in cryptocrystalline to microcrystalline chalcedony form. Finely distributed iron oxides and iron-bearing compounds produce its orange-red, red and reddish-brown coloration.
Orange-red, reddish orange, brick red, scarlet-toned red to deep reddish brown; colour may be even, cloudy, mottled, zoned or subtly banded
Trigonal at the quartz-crystallite level; Carnelian is a cryptocrystalline aggregate rather than a single macroscopic crystal
In modern crystal-healing traditions, Red Carnelian is associated with vitality, motivation, courage, creativity, confidence, action and grounded passion.
Tiger Eye
Quartz Group / Chatoyant Quartz
Predominantly silicon dioxide, SiO₂, as microcrystalline to macrocrystalline quartz containing aligned fibrous and iron-bearing components responsible for its characteristic colour and chatoyancy. Goethite and related iron oxides/hydroxides commonly contribute golden-brown coloration. Composition and proportions vary between specimens.
Golden yellow, honey, yellow-brown, bronze, brown to deep brown, commonly displaying alternating lighter and darker fibrous bands
Trigonal at the constituent quartz level; Tiger Eye is a fibrous-textured aggregate rather than a single uniformly developed macroscopic quartz crystal
In contemporary crystal-healing and metaphysical traditions, Tiger Eye is associated with courage, confidence, grounding, protection, focus, motivation, prosperity and balanced decision-making.
Labradorite
Feldspar / Plagioclase Feldspar
Labradorite is a calcium-sodium feldspar belonging to the plagioclase feldspar series, with composition intermediate between albite and anorthite. Its characteristic optical effect results from microscopic internal structures rather than from surface coloration.
Base colour commonly grey, dark grey, greenish-grey, brownish, colourless to nearly black, frequently displaying iridescent flashes of blue, green, yellow, gold, orange and occasionally other colours through labradorescence.
Triclinic
In crystal-healing and metaphysical traditions, Labradorite is associated with intuition, protection, transformation, self-discovery, spiritual awareness and navigating change.